Kushmandi Wooden Mask – Gomira Tribal Face Mask from West Bengal (12 Inches)

Provenance

Known locally as Mukha, Kushmandi wooden masks are an integral part of the ritual life of the Rajbanshi community of South Dinajpur, West Bengal. These masks are used in the Gomira dance—a non-vocal ceremonial performance enacted to invoke benevolent forces and protect villages from illness, misfortune, and negative energies.

The face mask represents a generalized protective spirit rather than a named deity or character. Its fierce visual language—marked by blood-shot eyes, flared nostrils, deeply wrinkled skin, and an open mouth with prominent fangs—is intentionally exaggerated to convey alertness, vigilance, and supernatural strength. During performances, dancers are believed to enter trance-like states, embodying the spirit invoked through the mask.

Each mask is carved entirely by hand from seasoned neem or gamhar wood. The wood undergoes a traditional preservation process involving water or boric treatment followed by sun-drying to enhance durability. Artisans then sculpt bold contours and expressive detailing before finishing the surface in ritual colours such as red or green, traditionally associated with protection and spiritual power.

The Kushmandi Wooden Mask craft received Geographical Indication (GI) status in 2016, recognising its cultural, ritual, and artistic significance. This piece has been handcrafted by Shri N. C. Sarkar, continuing a living tradition rooted in belief, performance, and community identity.

Disclaimer

• This is a handcrafted folk art object created using traditional techniques.
• Minor variations in colour, texture, and expression are inherent to the process and should be regarded as marks of authenticity rather than imperfections.